Moles are caused by clusters of melanocytes, which are pigment-producing cells in the skin. They typically form due to genetic factors and sun exposure, though some moles may appear during childhood or adolescence.

Most moles are benign and harmless. However, some moles can be precancerous (dysplastic nevi) or develop into melanoma, a type of skin cancer. It's essential to monitor moles for changes in size, shape, color, or symptoms like itching or bleeding.

Normal moles are typically round or oval, have a smooth edge, and are evenly colored (usually brown, tan, or black). Melanomas often have irregular borders, uneven coloring (multiple shades of brown or black, sometimes red or white), and may change over time.

It's important to monitor new moles that appear after age 30 or any changes in existing moles. While most new moles are harmless, unusual changes could indicate melanoma. If in doubt, consult a dermatologist for evaluation.

Yes, moles can be removed surgically or through other methods like laser removal or shaving. Dermatologists may recommend removal if a mole shows signs of abnormality or if it poses cosmetic concerns.

Regular self-examinations are recommended to monitor moles for changes. Ideally, check your moles once a month, especially after age 30, or more frequently if you have a history of skin cancer or high sun exposure.